Investment Property Costs: What You'll Really Pay in 2026

The true cost of owning an investment property in Australia goes well beyond the purchase price — most property investors underestimate their ongoing expenses by $5,000 to $15,000 per year. This helpful guide breaks down every investment property cost you'll face in 2026, from upfront purchase expenses to the various costs of holding and selling. We'll use real Australian figures so you can calculate whether your next property will deliver positive cash flow or require you to cover a shortfall each month, regardless of your financial situation or personal objectives.

Upfront Investment Property Costs When You Buy

Purchasing an investment property involves significant upfront costs including stamp duty, legal and conveyancing fees, building and pest inspections, and loan establishment fees. You'll also need a deposit — typically 10% to 20% of the property's value. These upfront costs can add 5–7% on top of the purchase price.

Stamp Duty

Stamp duty is a tax calculated as a percentage of the property value when a property is purchased, and it varies by state and territory in Australia. It's often the largest single upfront cost, and investors don't qualify for first home buyer exemptions. On a $550,000 investment property: NSW ~$20,800, VIC ~$29,000, QLD ~$17,325, WA ~$19,315, SA ~$23,830. Use our stamp duty calculator for the exact figure.

Conveyancing and Legal Fees

Conveyancing and legal fees usually range from $1,000 to $3,000 and cover title searches, contract review, and managing settlement. Legal fees for property purchases can range from $500 to $1,500 for simpler transactions, depending on the complexity and location of the property.

Building and Pest Inspections for Due Diligence

Building and pest inspections are essential reports to identify defects before you buy. Proper due diligence means investing in these professional inspections — a combined report costs $400 to $700. Skipping this is a false economy — structural issues or termite damage can cost tens of thousands to repair.

Loan Establishment Fees

Loan establishment and application fees are the costs to set up the mortgage, including valuations. Most lenders charge $200 to $600, plus valuation fees of $200 to $400 (though many waive this for standard residential properties). Mortgage registration fees are a one-off government fee that varies by state, typically costing under a couple of hundred dollars.

Lenders Mortgage Insurance

Lenders Mortgage Insurance (LMI) is required if the deposit on an investment property is less than 20% of the property's value, covering the lender against the risk of borrower default.

On a $550,000 property with a 90% loan, LMI can cost $8,000 to $15,000. Building a larger deposit avoids this cost entirely.

Home Loan Interest on Day One

Your home loan interest starts accruing from settlement day, regardless of whether tenants are paying rent. At the current interest rate of 6.5% on a $495,000 loan, that's roughly $2,680 per month in interest expenses — and you'll cover mortgage repayments yourself until a tenant moves in. Even a small interest rate change of 0.25% shifts your annual costs by over $1,200, so property investors should factor in potential rate movements when budgeting.

Ongoing Investment Property Costs

Ongoing maintenance expenses include mortgage interest, property management fees, council and water rates, landlord insurance, and strata or body corporate levies. These recurring expenses determine whether your property investment is positively geared or running at a negative cash flow. Getting these numbers right is essential for accurate cash flow projections when investing in property.

Council Rates

Council rates are taxes paid by property owners to local councils, covering services such as waste collection and maintenance of public spaces, and are calculated based on the land value. Council rates typically range from $1,200 to $3,500 per year. Water rates are an additional mandatory charge. Both council rates and land tax are obligatory payments that property owners must make, and they are also tax-deductible expenses for investment property owners.

Land Tax

Land tax is an annual tax charged on investment properties by the state or territory government, calculated based on the unimproved value of the land. Thresholds vary: NSW $1,075,000, VIC $50,000, QLD $600,000. Values are combined across properties in each state before applying the threshold. Use our land tax calculator for your exact liability.

Body Corporate Fees

Strata and body corporate fees apply to units, townhouses, or shared title properties (also called strata levies). Strata fees cover building insurance, maintenance of common areas, and a sinking fund for major repairs. Body corporate fees range from $2,000 to $8,000 per year for a standard unit, though luxury complexes with pools and lifts can exceed $12,000. Always check body corporate records before buying — unexpected special levies and strata fees can add thousands.

Landlord Insurance and Building Insurance

Insurance is not legally mandated for investment properties, but most lenders require it before granting full loan approval. Landlord insurance covers tenant-related risks including malicious damage and loss of rent — expect $1,200 to $2,500 per year.

Standalone houses also need separate building insurance ($1,000–$2,000/year). The premiums paid for landlord insurance, building insurance, and contents insurance are all tax-deductible for investment property owners. Properties in flood or cyclone zones attract higher premiums.

Property Management Fees

Property management fees vary depending on the services provided by the property agent, which can include tenant selection, rent collection, and property inspections. A property manager also handles maintenance coordination. Property management fees typically range from 6% to 10% of the gross rental income, plus a letting fee of 1–2 weeks' rent for new tenants. On $550/week rent, that's roughly $2,288 annually at 8%. Property management fees paid to agents are fully deductible.

Repair and Maintenance Expenses

Budget 1–2% of the property value per year for maintenance costs and repairs on a regular basis. On a $550,000 property, that's $5,500 to $11,000 annually covering plumbing, electrical, air conditioning servicing, smoke alarm compliance, and periodic renovations. Older properties typically have higher repair and maintenance expenses — and these rental expenses add up quickly, especially in mining towns or regional areas where tradespeople charge premium rates.

Vacancy and Rental Demand Risks

Vacancy costs refer to the cost of holding the property while it is empty between tenants, including lost rent and utilities. Budget for 2–4 weeks of vacancy per year ($1,100–$2,200 on a $550/week property). Properties in areas with strong rental demand and rising rental prices near schools, transport, and infrastructure tend to have lower vacancy rates and attract reliable tenants.

How Investment Property Costs Affect Your Cash Flow

Understanding what you need to pay in total expenses is how you determine whether a property is positively geared or negatively geared. Making good investment decisions needs taking time to run the numbers:

Annual Cash Flow = Rental Income – All Expenses

If the result is positive, you have a positive cash flow property. If negative, you're covering the shortfall from your own income — this is how negative gearing works. For a deeper explanation, see our guide to calculating investment property cash flow.

Negative Cash Flow vs Positively Geared Properties

Many investors deliberately buy negatively geared properties, accepting short-term losses for capital growth and tax deductions. But an investment property that looks like a good buy at first glance can turn negative once you account for body corporate fees, insurance, vacancy, and maintenance. Taking time to do thorough cash flow modelling before you buy is important — it can help you avoid making a costly mistake in a high-prices market.

Worked Example: Cash Flow on a $550,000 Investment Property

Here's the true annual cash flow for a typical $550,000 house in Brisbane:

This property needs you to pay $1,297 per month out of pocket before deductions. After claiming interest expenses, depreciation, and other deductible costs, the after-tax position improves — but you still need good cash reserves to help cover the shortfall. It's important to have thought through what you can afford before taking on high mortgage repayments.

PropBoss handles this automatically — the cash flow calculator models all holding costs, rental income, tax deductions, and depreciation across your entire portfolio so you can see your true position at a glance.

Investment Property Costs You Can Claim as Tax Deductions

Many expenses related to property investment are generally tax-deductible when the property is rented or available for rent. The ATO allows you to claim deductions for costs incurred in earning rental income.

Negative gearing is a tax strategy that allows investors to claim tax deductions for any losses incurred from owning an investment property — investors can apply these deductions against their other assessable income, such as salary or wages, to reduce their overall tax liability. For a full breakdown, see our guide to investment property tax deductions.

Interest Expenses and Loan Costs

Investment property owners in Australia can claim tax deductions for loan interest expenses and associated loan fees, including loan establishment fees and mortgage broker fees. On the $495,000 mortgage above, that's $32,175 in interest expenses you can claim. Loan fees are deductible either immediately or amortised over five years.

Depreciation Schedule Benefits

Depreciation deductions can be claimed for both the building structure and the assets within the property, allowing investors to offset the costs associated with gradual deterioration against their taxable income. A depreciation schedule prepared by a quantity surveyor identifies capital works (Division 43) and plant and equipment (Division 40) deductions. New properties can yield $8,000 to $15,000 per year.

Expenses incurred for repairs and maintenance of an investment property, such as plumbing repairs and pest control, are tax-deductible, but improvements and renovations are not — they're added to the cost base instead.

Capital Gains Tax When You Sell

Capital Gains Tax (CGT) is a significant future cost based on the increased value of the property, payable upon sale. When you sell, you'll pay capital gains tax on the profit — the sale price minus the purchase price and eligible costs (stamp duty, renovations, agent fees). Hold for over 12 months and you receive a 50% CGT discount. Use our CGT calculator to estimate your liability.

Tips for Reducing Your Investment Property Costs

Smart investors actively manage expenses to improve cash flow:

• Review insurance annually — compare landlord insurance and building insurance quotes every year. Savings of $300–$600 are common.
• Negotiate management costs — multiple properties with one agency gives you leverage. Dropping from 8% to 7% saves $286/year on $28,600 rent.
• Claim every deduction — many property investors miss borrowing expenses, depreciation, and travel costs. Keep thorough records.
• Budget for maintenance — fixing small issues early prevents expensive repairs. A $200 plumbing fix beats a $5,000 water damage claim.
• Keep an emergency fund — set aside 3–6 months of holding costs so an unexpected vacancy or major repair doesn't force you to sell. This is essential for any serious property investment strategy.
• Use an offset account — money in your offset reduces home loan interest, improving cash flow without locking funds away.

Investing in Property in the Right Location

Location determines many ongoing costs when investing in property. Properties in high-demand areas near transport, schools, and amenities attract quality tenants, higher rents, and lower vacancy rates. Research suburbs with strong rental demand and capital growth potential — successful property investment often comes down to choosing areas with upcoming infrastructure and growing populations.

Also read our buying an investment property guide.

Frequently Asked Questions About Investment Property Costs

What Are the Biggest Investment Property Costs Most Investors Miss?

Loan interest is the biggest expense, but many investors are caught out by body corporate fees, state taxes (which increase as your portfolio grows), vacancy periods, and cumulative maintenance costs. Special levies in strata properties can also be an unexpected hit. Budget at least 2% of property value for maintenance each year.

How Do I Calculate If My Investment Property Has Positive Cash Flow?

Add up all annual expenses — loan interest, council rates, insurance, management fees, land tax, body corporate fees, maintenance, and vacancy allowance. Subtract this total from gross rental income. If positive, you have a positively geared property. If negative, calculate the tax benefit from negative gearing to find your true after-tax cash flow position.

Is There a Tool That Automates Investment Property Cost Tracking?

PropBoss tracks all investment property costs across your entire portfolio with automated bank feeds that categorise expenses in real time. It handles cash flow tracking, depreciation schedules, and ATO-compliant reporting — no spreadsheets needed. Start your free trial →

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